Tamil Numerals and Tamil Fractions

 Tamil Numerals

To type the Tamil numerals in any word documents or even typesetting in Latex set the Tamil99 keyboard layout in IBus Else if you know the Unicode character for the numerals you can encode it directly. In Tex editors such as TeXstudio lets you encode the Unicode Characters by pressing CTRL+ALT+u or you can goto Edit ---> Insert Unicode character, a dialog box will open ,now you can insert your Unicode character.  I will tell you how to type in Tamil as well as its Unicode character

^#0        0BE6                 ௦         0

^#1        0BE7                 ௧         1

^#2        0BE8                 ௨         2

^#3        0BE9                 ௩         3

^#4        0BEA                 ௪         4

^#5        0BEB                 ௫         5

^#6        0BEC                 ௬         6

^#7        0BED                 ௭         7

^#8        0BEE                 ௮         8

^#9        0BEF                 ௯         9

-          0BF0                 ௰          10  

-          0BF1                 ௱          100     

-          0BF2                 ௲           1000

The Tamil numbers 10,100 and 1000 comes under the Extended Tamil99 Standard, Linux in IBus supports only the standard Tamil99 Layout; select these from Special characters in Libreoffice in Linux. In case of LaTeX you can insert the  Unicode Character in your TeX editor. 

Tamil Fractions: 

 

Most Tamil fonts don't encode the Tamil Fractions glyphs. These fractions are mentioned in the supplementary block [11FC0-11FFF]. There are only two fonts support these fractions 1. Lohit Tamil chart   and  2. Noto Sans Tamil Supplement  . As I've mentioned earlier IBus doesn't  support the extended characters so you have to insert the Unicode characters.Comparing to the fonts from the Lohit Tamil chart, Noto Sans Tamil supplement is better.I will mention the Unicode character,its Tamil fraction, indo-arabic numeral representation and its Tamil word.

11FC0         𑿀         1/320        முந்திரி 

11FC1         𑿁           1/160       அரைக்காணி

11FC2         𑿂           1/80         காணி

11FC3         𑿃          1/64         கால் வீசம் 

11FC4        𑿄            1/40        அரை மா

11FC5        𑿅           1/32        அரை வீசம்

11FC6        𑿆           3/80        முக்காணி

11FC7        𑿇           3/64        முக்கால் வீசம்

11FC8        𑿈            1/20        மா

11FC9        𑿉           1/16        வீசம்   -1

11FCA*       𑿊           1/16        மாகாணி  -2

11FCB        𑿋            1/10        இருமா

11FCC       𑿌           1/8         அரைக்கால்

11FCD       𑿍            3/20        மும்மா

11FCE       𑿎           3/16        மூவீசம்

11FCF       𑿏            1/5         நான்கு மா

11FD0       𑿐            1/4         கால்

11FD1       𑿑             1/2         அரை -1

11FD2*      𑿒             1/2         அரை -2

11FD3       𑿓            3/4         முக்கால்

11FD4       𑿔             -           கீழ்

𑿔 ---- Downsizing factor when prefixed to a fraction it reduces it by a factor of 1/320

*  ---- Alternate way of writing

Reference:

https://pravins.fedorapeople.org/tamil-fraction-symbol-proposal-fonts/n4430.pdf

https://www.unicode.org/charts/fonts.html

https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0B80.pdf

https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/Unicode-12.0/U120-11FC0.pdf

 

 

Typesetting in Tamil For Multilingual Documents

 

When you are typesetting Multilingual document it doesn't make sense to load Polyglossia or Babel package just for a single line. All one has to load is the Fontspec package and the requisite font. Whenever Fontspec package is loaded it must be compiled in either XeLaTeX or LuaLaTex. Here is the minimal working example.

\RequirePackage[orthodox]{nag}
\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\usepackage{ClearSans}
\usepackage{courier}
\newfontfamily{\TACtam}{Lohit Tamil}
\newfontfamily{\ctam}{Noto Sans Tamil Supplement}
\begin{document}
    normal  \emph{italic} \textbf{extra bold} \textit{italy} \texttt{help}
    {\TACtam அய்யா வணக்கம்.}{\ctam 𑿀}
\end{document}

You can name the Commands \TACtam and \ctam , wordings of your choice, this is saying to XeLaTeX to encode the fonts in Tamil.

 Reference: 

https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/241960/229186

Setting up Font For Bold and Italic in LaTeX

 To Set up font for bold and italic in LaTeX, one has to load the Fontspec package. But first make sure the font you are using has both the bold and italic glyphs or make sure the fonts you are going to use matches else it would be very awkward and look very unprofessional. Most of the time  the fontspec package can load a font with its given name such as Times New Roman or Noto Sans. If you mentioned a font by its file name then make sure you mention the Bold and Italic fonts.In This you can also set the default typewriter font, For example if you want to load the courier as the default typewriter font all you had to is load the package Here is the Minimal Working example.

\Requirepackage[orthodox]{nag}                    \documentclass{article}                       \usepackage{fontspec}               \setmainfont{texgyrepagella-regular.otf}[BoldFont= texgyrepagella-bold.otf ,ItalicFont= texgyrepagella-italic.otf , BoldItalicFont = texgyrepagella-bolditalic.otf]          \usepackage{courier}                                \begin{ document}                                  \end{document}

 

Reference:

https://tug.org/FontCatalogue/courier/

https://www.ctan.org/search?phrase=fontspec

https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/31743/229186 

Typesetting in Tamil using Babel in XeLaTeX

 

 I have written in an previous post on how to typeset in Tamil  using the Polyglossia Package. In this post we will typeset in Tamil using the Babel Package. To typeset as usual we have to load a few packages and these are the most important to load 

\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{fontspec}                            \usepackage{microtype}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage{blindtext}
\usepackage{seqsplit}
\usepackage[absolute]{textpos}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[T1,TS1,OT1,OT4,TU,EU1,QX,T5,LY1]{fontenc}  

Set the Following options in your preamble 

\babelprovide[main, import]{tamil}
\babelprovide[import]{english}
\defaultfontfeatures{Scale=MatchLowercase}
\setmainfont{TAU-Barathi}[Renderer=Harfbuzz,Script=Tamil]
\newfontfamily\englishfont{Times New Roman}[Scale=0.98,Renderer=Harfbuzz,Ligatures=TeX]

Now we can begin our document 

 \begin{document}
  வணக்கம்                                            \end{document}   

 Now you can typeset in Tamil.

Reference: 

https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/498941/229186

https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/171448/229186

How to Set font of Our choice in LaTeX

 To Set a Font our choice say Georgia or Charis SIL in latex we have to use the  fontspec  package. To load the fontspec package run:

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article}

\usepackage{fontspec}

\setmainfont{Georgia}

\begin{document}

\end{document}

and compile the document in either XeLaTeX  or LuaLaTex.

Reference:

https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/67769/229186

UPDATE : Installing canon canoscan lide 110 in Debian

When I wrote that post Debian it didn't have any drivers in that version. Now Especially after version 6 a.k.a Squeeze Debian has included the drivers for the  canon Canoscan lide 110. Just make sure you have installed all the firmware in your system.

UPDATE: Adobe Flash EOL

  

 

 Adobe flash  will reach End of Life by December 31,2020 and will no longer receive any updates nor will be maintained. So it is advised to uninstall or remove Adobe flash from your computer. Instead  of  using Adobe Flash you can now use HTML5, WebGL, and WebAssembly that is inbuilt in your browser as an alternative to Flash.

 Reference:

1. https://www.blog.google/products/chrome/saying-goodbye-flash-chrome/

2. https://blog.mozilla.org/futurereleases/2017/07/25/firefox-roadmap-flash-end-life/

3. https://developers.facebook.com/blog/post/2017/07/25/Games-Migration-to-Open-Web-Standards/ 

4. https://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer/end-of-life.html#