Tex is a document preparation system based on what you see is what you mean paradigm that lets you focus more on the text rather than formatting. In Debian it is available in the repository all one had to is to use synaptic package manager to install it. Another way is to download the original Tex live iso file from TUG and install it.
This post tells you how to install Tex live in Debian.
Step -1:Download the iso from https://www.tug.org/texlive/acquire-iso.html
Step-2: Mount the iso by becoming root
Step-3: Become normal user and give the following command
./install-tl -gui
for this command to work you must have perl-tk package has to be installed.
Step-4: Change the TEXDIR to your /home or /optStep-5: Click install TeX live at the bottom
Step-6: After installing TeX live open .bashrc file
Step-7: Add the following lines at the of .bashrc file
For 64-bit system
export PATH=/path to TeXlive/Tex/bin/x86_64-linux:$PATH
export MANPATH=/path to TeXlive/Tex/texmf-dist/doc/man:$MANPATH
export INFOPATH=/path to TeXlive/Tex/texmf-dist/doc/info:$INFOPATH
For 32-bit system
export PATH=/path to TeXlive/Tex/bin/i386-linux:$PATH
export MANPATH=/path to TeXlive/Tex/texmf-dist/doc/man:$MANPATH
export INFOPATH=/path to TeXlive/Tex/texmf-dist/doc/info:$INFOPATHT
export MANPATH=/path to TeXlive/Tex/texmf-dist/doc/man:$MANPATH
export INFOPATH=/path to TeXlive/Tex/texmf-dist/doc/info:$INFOPATHT
Logout and log in and that's it you have installed TeXlive.
This will only give you a command line interface to the TeX. There are various frontend available for TeX such as TeXworks, TeXMaker, Gummi, Lyx are a few of them. My favorites are TeXworks and TeXMaker. All the front end are available in the repository but the problem is it will try to install the LaTex from the repo you have change their priority so that they don't get installed. Another way is to get upstream packages of TeXworks or TeXmaker and they have the required binary for the current stable download them and install them using gdebi or dpkg. I'll give the download link of TeXmaker
1) http://www.xm1math.net/texmaker/download.html#linux
TeXworks:
After installing TeXworks go to Edit --------> Preferences and go to typesetting and add the binary path of Tex.
TeXmaker:
Go to options ----------> configure Texmaker in that add the path of tex binary.
for example in pdflatex coloumn
select the pdflatex binary from the install path. and click ok.
Ghostscript and ps2pdf don't have their binaries in /path to Tex/TeX/bin/ instead it is in /usr/bin select the binary and click OK and that's it.
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