Tamil Numerals and Tamil Fractions

 Tamil Numerals

To type the Tamil numerals in any word documents or even typesetting in Latex set the Tamil99 keyboard layout in IBus Else if you know the Unicode character for the numerals you can encode it directly. In Tex editors such as TeXstudio lets you encode the Unicode Characters by pressing CTRL+ALT+u or you can goto Edit ---> Insert Unicode character, a dialog box will open ,now you can insert your Unicode character.  I will tell you how to type in Tamil as well as its Unicode character

^#0        0BE6                 ௦         0

^#1        0BE7                 ௧         1

^#2        0BE8                 ௨         2

^#3        0BE9                 ௩         3

^#4        0BEA                 ௪         4

^#5        0BEB                 ௫         5

^#6        0BEC                 ௬         6

^#7        0BED                 ௭         7

^#8        0BEE                 ௮         8

^#9        0BEF                 ௯         9

-          0BF0                 ௰          10  

-          0BF1                 ௱          100     

-          0BF2                 ௲           1000

The Tamil numbers 10,100 and 1000 comes under the Extended Tamil99 Standard, Linux in IBus supports only the standard Tamil99 Layout; select these from Special characters in Libreoffice in Linux. In case of LaTeX you can insert the  Unicode Character in your TeX editor. 

Tamil Fractions: 

 

Most Tamil fonts don't encode the Tamil Fractions glyphs. These fractions are mentioned in the supplementary block [11FC0-11FFF]. There are only two fonts support these fractions 1. Lohit Tamil chart   and  2. Noto Sans Tamil Supplement  . As I've mentioned earlier IBus doesn't  support the extended characters so you have to insert the Unicode characters.Comparing to the fonts from the Lohit Tamil chart, Noto Sans Tamil supplement is better.I will mention the Unicode character,its Tamil fraction, indo-arabic numeral representation and its Tamil word.

11FC0         𑿀         1/320        முந்திரி 

11FC1         𑿁           1/160       அரைக்காணி

11FC2         𑿂           1/80         காணி

11FC3         𑿃          1/64         கால் வீசம் 

11FC4        𑿄            1/40        அரை மா

11FC5        𑿅           1/32        அரை வீசம்

11FC6        𑿆           3/80        முக்காணி

11FC7        𑿇           3/64        முக்கால் வீசம்

11FC8        𑿈            1/20        மா

11FC9        𑿉           1/16        வீசம்   -1

11FCA*       𑿊           1/16        மாகாணி  -2

11FCB        𑿋            1/10        இருமா

11FCC       𑿌           1/8         அரைக்கால்

11FCD       𑿍            3/20        மும்மா

11FCE       𑿎           3/16        மூவீசம்

11FCF       𑿏            1/5         நான்கு மா

11FD0       𑿐            1/4         கால்

11FD1       𑿑             1/2         அரை -1

11FD2*      𑿒             1/2         அரை -2

11FD3       𑿓            3/4         முக்கால்

11FD4       𑿔             -           கீழ்

𑿔 ---- Downsizing factor when prefixed to a fraction it reduces it by a factor of 1/320

*  ---- Alternate way of writing

Reference:

https://pravins.fedorapeople.org/tamil-fraction-symbol-proposal-fonts/n4430.pdf

https://www.unicode.org/charts/fonts.html

https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0B80.pdf

https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/Unicode-12.0/U120-11FC0.pdf

 

 

Easy way to write in Tamil in Linux Using Ibus

 In the last post I had written on how to use IBus. Now we will see how to write in Tamil. When you select Tamil in the preferences it will give you a wide range of options such as Phonetic,Tamil99, Vutam, Inscript , Typewriter, Itrans and lk-renganathan. Of these use the phonetic and Tamil99  which are easier to write. One limitation is that it does not support the Tamil99 extended characters, viz the Tamil numeral for 10,100,1000 and fractions

Keymap for Tamil Phonetic

vowels

Consonants

Grantha Words 

The word க்ஷ  is a ligature of க+ஷ, and similarly ஶ்ரீ is a ligature of  ஶ் +ரீ . To write  க்ஷ  properly in Tamil phonetic layout do the following.

 

First type ஷ் then move your cursor before ஷ்   and type க் then go over to your next word it will render it as க்ஷ். Similary  for க்ஷி  first type ஷி move your cursor before ஷி and   type க் then go over to your next word now it will render it as ஷி 

* in Tamil99 layout. 

Tamil99 Keymap for Grantha Words

For the Grantha words one can use Tamil99 layout and for others phonetic layout as it is easy to write in tamil using phoentic layout.

Tamil Numerals And Special Characters 

In the Tamil language numerals are represented by letters and also there are special ligatures, we have to use the Tamil99 input method for writing this special characters

References:

1. https://help.keyman.com/keyboard/ekwtamil99uni/2.0.2/chart.pdf

2. https://help.keyman.com/keyboard/ekwtamil99uni/2.0.2/ekwtamil99uni

3.https://help.keyman.com/keyboard/thamizha_tamil99_ext/2.1/thamizha_tamil99_ext